Added an ajax call to my CodeIgniter + WordPress app, and I got back the result I wanted, but with a 404 header. Found the description (and solution) here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2393452/ajax-response-call-404-not-found
Changed my ajax controller function to look like this, and it worked:
function getPortfolioPost() { header("HTTP/1.1 200 OK"); // Added this line $ret = array('this'=>'that'); $this->output->set_output(json_encode($ret)); }